Summary
Prophetic Mission
At age forty, he received his first divine revelation from the Angel Gabriel in the Cave of Hira. He faced immense harm and torture from the Quraish for calling people to Islam.
Due to severe persecution, Muslims migrated to Madeenah, which became the capital of the new Muslim state. He established an egalitarian society where all people were equal, with distinction only through piety.
He conquered Makkah without spilling a drop of blood and forgave his former persecutors. Before his death in 632 C.E., he delivered the Farewell Sermon, emphasizing the sanctity of life and property, women’s rights, and the equality of all mankind. He declared that no prophet or messenger would come after him, leaving behind the Book of Allah (the Qur’an) and his Sunnah.
Character
Born in Makkah in 571 C.E. into the noble Quraish tribe, tracing his lineage back to Ishmael. Orphaned early, raised by his grandfather and then his uncle, Abu Talib.
Known as "Al-Amin (The Trustworthy)" and "As-Sadiq (The Truthful)" even before prophethood. Thomas Carlyle described him as a man of truth and fidelity.
Lived in poverty despite commanding the Arabian Peninsula. Slept on a mat of hay and a pillow filled with coarse fibers. He reminded Umar that worldly luxury was for others and the Hereafter for believers.
Kind-hearted and merciful, he prayed for his enemies, embodied the Qur’an, upheld justice even against his own family, and remained humble despite military victories.
He endured harm with patience, forgave those who wronged him, was extremely generous, close to his companions, visited the sick regardless of faith, and helped with household chores.
Proofs
From the Qur'an: It explicitly states that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and the last of the prophets (33:40), and that Jesus foretold his coming (61:6). From the Sunnah: Muhammad described himself as the last of the Prophets. From previous scriptures: Interpretations of passages in Deuteronomy, Isaiah, and the Gospel of John are presented as prophecies of Muhammad.
His illiteracy indicates that he could not have authored the eloquent Qur'an, supporting its divine origin. The inimitability of the Qur'an, and the failure of renowned Arab poets to match it, is regarded as his everlasting miracle. His perseverance despite hardship, refusal of worldly offers, and lack of self-interest demonstrate sincerity rather than imposture. He sought no personal glory, lived in poverty, and focused on the Hereafter. The Qur'an contains verses that admonish him, which an impostor would not include. Specific fulfilled prophecies, such as that concerning Abu Lahab, the enduring spread of Islam, and the introduction of a comprehensive legal system by an unlettered man are all presented as evidence of his Prophethood.
Conclusion and Universal Message
The French poet is extensively quoted, asking: "If greatness of purpose, smallness of means, and astonishing results are the three criteria of a human genius, who could dare compare any great man in history with Muhammad?"
The central tenets of Islam are reaffirmed as "the unity of God, and the immateriality of God." The book ends with "5 Steps to Be a Muslim," providing practical guidance for conversion.